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Fox control program – use of PAPP baits

Published on 8 August 2025

 


An article in today’s Geelong Advertiser highlights recent cases of domestic dogs being poisoned by fox baits in the region, including at the land managed by Barwon Coast.

Barwon Coast is one of several land managers that use baits to protect threatened and endangered species, and we want to provide clarity about our program and the safeguards in place. 

Barwon Coast is committed to protecting the biodiversity of our coastal reserves, including threatened species such as the endangered Hooded Plover. Introduced predators like foxes are one of the greatest threats to ground-nesting birds, reptiles and small mammals. We use a combination of management tools to reduce their impact — including the carefully controlled use of PAPP (para-aminopropiophenone) baits.

PAPP is a widely used, fast-acting and more humane alternative to traditional poisons such as 1080, with the added benefit of an available antidote (methylene blue). It is tightly regulated, and Barwon Coast applies it under strict operational protocols with trained and licensed staff.

Baits are never placed on public trails or paths. They are located in vegetated and dune areas away from regular public access. Signage is installed around all baited areas in line with legal requirements. To minimise risks to non-target species and protect fragile dune systems, we ask visitors to

  • stay on designated tracks
  • keep dogs on a lead at all times, in line with dog-walking regulations

We are currently investigating one suspected fatal domestic animal poisoning in relation to this program.

Frequently Asked Questions

What kind of poison is being used in the fox baiting program?
The bait contains para-aminopropiophenone (PAPP), a fast-acting toxin specifically designed to target foxes. It can be fatal to dogs if ingested.

Why is Barwon Coast using fox bait?
Fox baiting is part of Barwon Coast’s conservation strategy to protect threatened species such as the Hooded Plover, as well as native reptiles and small mammals vulnerable to fox predation.

Where are baits laid?
Baits are only placed in targeted dune areas, away from designated walking tracks and gathering areas. These locations are clearly signposted in accordance with operational safety protocols. They are not placed on public beaches, paths, or gathering spaces. If baits are being found on trails or closer than the regulations state, they have been moved.

How do I know if baiting is happening in an area I visit?
Areas under active baiting are marked with dated signage. We strongly advise all visitors to obey signs and keep to designated tracks.

What symptoms should I look for if I suspect my dog has eaten fox bait?
Symptoms can appear within 30 minutes and may include

  • Wobbliness or weakness
  • Hypersalivation
  • Vomiting (often yellow-orange)
  • Breathing difficulties
  • Collapse or unresponsiveness

Seek immediate veterinary attention if you suspect bait ingestion.

Is there an antidote for PAPP poisoning?
Yes – methylene blue is an antidote for PAPP, but it must be administered as soon as possible for the best chance of recovery. Contact a veterinary emergency service immediately.

Has there been a recent increase in pet poisonings?
Yes, local vets have reported a surge in cases, including one confirmed fatality and multiple emergency treatments. We have only had one case of non-fatal poisoning reported to us, which we are investigating.

What is Barwon Coast doing in response to these incidents?
We are thoroughly investigating the reported domestic animal poisonings, as well as investigating the information reported in the Geelong Advertiser. We will continue to ensure our practices meet strict environmental and safety protocols.

How can I keep my dog safe during baiting periods?

  • Keep dogs on leads at all times
  • Stay on designated walking paths
  • Do not allow your dog to enter dune areas
  • Observe all signage
  • Be vigilant if your dog attempts to eat something from the ground

Who can I contact for more information?
For suspected poisonings, contact your local vet or emergency animal hospital immediately. Following this, if the vet confirms your dog has ingested fox bait, please advise the land manager of the area your dog ingested the poison so they can investigate.

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